John livingstone



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J. LIVINGSTONE. GRATB BAR FOR BOILER FURNACES.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QrFIcE.

JOIIN LIVINGSTONE, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

GRATE-BAR FOR BOILER -FU RNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,431, dated May 6, 1890'.

Application filed April 29, 1889.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN LIVINGSTONE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Toronto, in the Province of Ontario and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grate- Bars for Boiler-Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to grate-bars for boilerfurnaces. It may be used in any boiler-furnace to aid combustion; but I prefer to use it in conjunction with my invention patented under No. 399,541. It is for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the furnace, for the utilization of waste carbonaceous products as fuel, and for the perfect combustion of fuel in the furnace.

My invention consists in the application of two hollow iron, steel, or metal headers, placed at the front and rear of the furnace in a boiler, with hollow iron tubular grate-bars placed longitudinally across-the furnace of the boiler, the ends terminating within the headers, as will more fully appear from the subjoined description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and the novelty will be pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a furnace, showing my apparatus as in said patent, with a sectional view of the hollow headers (marked 0 0) across the front and rear end of the furnace, and one hollow straightfurnacebar (marked B) across the furnace longitudinally, with the ends open, terminating in O C. Fig. 2 is a sectional View of a round hollow grate-bar with the ends slightly tapered to enter easily and wedge into headers G C. Fig. 3 is a section through the grate-bars, showing one of the headers O G in elevation, which rest across the front and rear of the furnace in a boiler, the inlet-holes from the header in front of the furnace to the inlet-holes in the header in the rear of the furnace made mathematically true in line and size each to the other.

$erial No- 308,941. (No modeLl .other tubes, and I prefer, as seen in said figure, each tube on each side of the center tube to be less in gradually-lessening sizes to a size not less than one and one-half inch outside diameter, with same thickness of metal in each for the two tubes nearest the furnace sides of the boiler. The hollow grate-bars maybe made to fit and be wedged to (it closely into the inlet openings or holes in C 0.

Through the front of the furnace by a mouse-hole opening or aperture D, and through the front header 0 to the hollow grate-bar in the center, connection is made with the atmosphere for the admission of atmospheric air to circulate through the hollow grate-bars and headers. Into the opening at the furnace front of the boiler, through header 0, a small jet-pipe d, of not more than half the diameter of the opening, may be carried through the shell of the boiler front, through header 0, to a point just entering the center tube B.

The hollow grate-bars other than the center bar, connected as aforesaid with the atmosphere and inlet-jet, may be perforated 011 the top with very small holes b, or they may have alarge number of small plugs of suitable material with minute openings, as seen in Fig. 2. I prefer the openings through h alfround nosed metal plugs.

The operation of the device is as follows: Without any aid by the inlet-jet from the pipe H or other pipe, the atmospheric air rushes through the opening into the center bar of the hollow gratebars, expanding in its progress through the hollow center grate-bar to the hollow header 0 at the inner end of the furnace, there passing to and expanding in the other hollow gratebars, yielding to the furnace through the many openings in the tubes by perforated plugs or otherwise a dense superheated and energized air or oXygen. This action is further intensified by the steam-jet from pipe II accelerating the motion of the particles in the center bar, and the steam becoming decomposed into a gas increases the intensity and energy of motion, yielding to the furnace, through the great number of minute openings in the other grate bars or plugs, superheated energized gases and oxygen.

I do not claim in this application the retort and its appurtenant parts, as they form the subject-matter of a separate application, Serial No. 314,911, filed June 20, 1889.

What I claim as new is 1. The combination of the headers C O,

the hollow grate-bars B B, having perforations in their upper side and connecting the headers, an air-nozzle D, extending from the front header through the front Wall of the f urn ace, and asteam-nozzle proj ecting through said nozzle and header into the middle gratebar, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the headers O C, the hollow and perforated grate-barsB B, of gradually-decreasing size from center to sides and connecting the headers, an air-nozzle D, eX- tending from the front header through the front wall of the furnace, and a steam-nozzle projecting through said nozzle and header into the middle grate-bar, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of tWo Witnesses.

JOHN LIVINGSTON E.

Witnesses:

DOUGLAS ARMOUR, JOHN PAYNE. 

